Aeroplane



H. M. cHlRoN.

AEROPLANE.

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AERUPLANE.

APPLICATION m50 mm3, Isra.

Patented June 3, 1919.

SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Inventor.'

Jppnf'ye JW. Chilton,

H. M. CHIHON.

AEHUPLANE.

.APPLICATION FILED Mms. 191s.

1,305,524. Patented June 3,1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Inventor.'

Jppfy/e JV. Chiron,

H'. M. CHIRUN.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-3. |918.

Patented June 3, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

HIPPOLYTE M. oHIaoN, or Hoe ISLAND, PENNSYLVANIA.

AEROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3, 1919.

Application mea August a, 191s. sena: no. 24%,'130.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HirPoL'Yin M. CrnkoN, acitizen of France, and resident of Hog Island, Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which thefollowin is a specification.

My invention inc udes front and rear frame members adapted to beseparated from each other, the front member carrying the engine andheavier parts of the aeroplane and the rear frame carrying the rudder,together with a parachute connected with the aviator, so that in case ofaccident or at the will of the operator the front and rear frames may beseparated from each other and will cause the dislodgnient of the aviatorfrom both frames, so that he will descend by means of the parachuteindependently of the two frame parts of the machine.

I also provide means whereby the rear part of the machine will beretarded in its de scent so as not to interfere with the descent of theaviator by means of the parachute.

ther features of my invention will appear from the following descriptionand from the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a side view of an aeroplane embodying my invention.

Fig, 2 is a plan view.

Fig. 3 is a front View.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the aeroplane with its inclosingl casing.

Fig. 5 is a View of the front fportion or frame of the machine in theact o dropping away from the aviator and the rear portion.

Fig. 6 shows the rear portion of the machine in the act of descendingwhen separated from the front portion.

Fig 6L is a view of the aviator descendn from between the front portionof Fig. and the rear portion of Fig. 6.

Fig. 7 is a detail view part'ly in section of the means for controllinthe separation of the` two frame parts .of t e apparatus.

Fig. 8 is a detail View or .a wei, ht and the parts associatedtherewith, whic will 0perate when the weight is dislodged.

Fig. 9 is a'detailview of certain gear connections.

Fi 10 is a plan view partly in section, of bolt ocking means of certainparts of the front and rear frames.

Fig. 11 is a detail view showing pivoted rear win portions and means forholding the same in position.

Fig.. 12 is a detail view of part of Fig. 7. I"Fi 13 is a detail view ofanother part of Fig. 14 is a plan view of the bolt or locking means ofFig. 10. l

Fig. 15 is a detail view of one of the blocks or lugs of Fig. 12.

Fig. 16 is a detaii view of one of the blocks or lugs of Fig. 13.

F ig. 17 is a detail of another block.

Fig. 18 is a detail view of the front and rear frame connection.

In these drawings 1 indicates the front frame of the apparatus which maybe of aniT desired type and 2 the wheels mounted thereon. 3 is a weightin a receptacle 4 carried by an arm or frame 5 pivotally mounted to themain front frame at 9, and having an arm 7 connected with a pin and slotjoint at 8 with the rod 10. The weight can be dislodged bjv the planeassuming an abnormal position and when this takes place the front andrear frame 'ortions of the apparatus will be separated? as hereinafterdescribed und the aviator with his parachute will be dislodged anddropped from between these frames. The dislodgment of the weight willallow a spring 11, Figs. 1 and 8, to force the rod 10 downwardly out ofengagement with the end 12, Fig. 7, of a slide 13, which will then bepressed to the right in its guide casing 14 carrying the rod 16 with it,which will draw upon two chains 17 and 18, which pass over the pulleys19 and 20, and thus the bolts 21 wil'l be drawn to the left, Figs. 1, 710, so that the spring arms 33 will be released to Hy out from theposition shown in Fig. 1 to that indicated in Fig. (i, and as a resultt'he front frame with the engine propeller, wheels, and other parts willbe separated from the rear frame part 33 for the release of the aviatorwith his parachute, as will be more particularly described hereinafter.

The bo'lt 21 has portions 21a and 21b which engage through lugs 23 o-nthe front :Frame and through lugs 3Q on the spring arrns 38. The boltarrangement 21 has side arms 0r rods 22 connectin the front and rearportions' thereof and `this bolt are rangement is ressed toward theright into engaging pos tion by the spring 31. The

blocks or lugs 32 have openings 26 to receive the bolt, F1g. 15, and theblocks 23 have openings 26', Fig. 16, for receiving the bolt andopenings 25 are arranged in the block to receive the side bars 22 of thebolt arrangement. is a guide lug for receiving a portion o'lg the boltarrangement to guide the same. The front and rear frames are connectedtogether by eyes or lugs 34 carried by the bar 35 of the front frameportion, these lugs receiving between them the front ends 36 of the rearframe bars 33, pins 38 passing through the lugs 34 and ends 36, saidpins being connected or carried by the flexible or spring arms 33, sothat when these arms fly outwardly the bolts 38 will be withdrawn todisconnect the front frame from the rear frame.

39 is a horizontal lever centrally pivoted on the front frame adapted tobe operated by the feet of the aviator and having ropes 40, 41connecting this lever with a lever 43, which is connected with a gearmounted on the front frame portion of the machine.

Gear 42 meshes with a gear 44 mounted on the rear portion of the machineIand to the latter gear a horizontal lever 45 is connected from whichropes 46, 47 extend to the rudder 48, so that the operator can controlthe same, when the parts of the machine are all connected together, butwhen the front frame part is separated from the rear frame part thegearing will separate from each other and will not in anyway obstructthe complete separation of the front and rear frames of the machine. 49,Fig. 9, is a gear carried on the front part or frame of the machine andengaging with gear 50 mounted on the after frame of the machine. Withthe gear 50 a horizontal lever 51 is connected, from which ropes 52, 53lead over a pulley 54 mounted on the pivot or shaft of the rear wings55, so that the operator may operate these wings. 56 indicates asteering wheel on the front part of the machine. 57 indicates a leverpivotally mounted at 57a on the front frame section adapted to beoperated by the aviator, this lever being connected with the rod 10,which, when operated, will, as above described, through the connectionsmentioned cause the separation of the front frame portion, so that theaviator when he considers himself in danger can separate the fore andaft parts of the machine and with his parachute drop down between theseseparated portions. 58 indicates ropes extending from the spring arms 33around pulleys 59 on the rear frame part and connecting at the rear withbolts 60 passing through ears 62 on the rear frame section and throughears 63 connected with the wings 61 at the rear of the after frame ofthe' machine, these wings being ada ted to turn from a position in thesame p ne At 27 on the front frame there with the longitudinal axis ofthe machine to a. position at right-angles thereto. 64 indlcates ropesextending from the flexible or spring arms 33 over the pulleys 65 and66, the said ropes being attached to the arms 67 attached to andextending perpendicularly to the plane of the rear wings 61. The rearwings are adapted to turn about the axis 68 and they will turn when thellexble arms 33 Hy outwardly, because these arms in moving out will drawupon the ropes 58 and 64, the ropes 58 releasing the bolts at 60 and theropes 64 drawing upon the arms 67 and turning the wings from theirnormal position to a position at right-angles thereto, that is from theposition of Fig. 2 to the position of Fig. 6, so that these wings in thelatter position will retard the fall of the rear portion of the frameshown in Fig. 6, allowing the front heavy portion, shown in Fig. 5, tofall rapidly and allowing also the fall of the aviator to take placewithout dan ger of being struck by the rear frame meinber. 69 indlcatessprings for normally holding the bolts 60 in place to lock the rearwings against turning.

7 0 indicates a stilener bar bearing upon the inner sides of theflexible arms 33, over which said arms are tensioned or stressed. 71 isthe aviators seat, which is pivoted at 72 and held in normal position byresting on the lug 7 3 of the front frame, so that when the front frameis separated from the rear frame theweight of the aviator will throw theseat downwardly and he will slide off therefrom. The parachute which isat tached to the aviator is indicated at 74, and 75 is the propeller. 76and 77 are the front wings. 78 is a rope connecting the weight 3 to thefront of the machine.

Brielly stated the operation is that when the machine assumes a positionof danger the weight Will be dislodged allowing the spring 11 to exertits force and as a result the rod 10 will be operated to release thebolt mechanism by the chains 17, 18, thus allowing the spring arms 33 tofly outwardly and disconnect the front frame portion from the rear frameportion and also setting the wings 61 in position to retard the descentof the rear frame portion.

The operator, when the frame portions are separated, slides from theseat and then descends between these' frames, as illustrated in Figs. 5,6, and 6a considered conjointly. The aviator can of course effect thesame operation that is secured by the weight 3 by simply operating thelever 57.

What I claim is:

1. In combination in an aeroplane, a front frame section, a rear framesection, a seat for the aviator substantially at the junction of the twoframes, means whereby the two frames are detachably connected togetherand a parachute arranged to drop free from both frames with the aviatorwhen said frames are separated, substantially as described.

In combination in an aeroplane, a front frame section carrying theengine, propeller and supporting wheels, a rear frame section dctachablyconnected withA the front frame section and carrying the rudder, meanson the rear frame section, shiftable from normal position into aposition to retard the descent of the rear frame section in respect tothe front frame section, when said sections are separated, a parachutearranged to drop free in respect to both sections when said sections areoperated, whereby the aviator may descend independently ot' the frontand rear frame sections, substantially as described.

3. In combination in an aeroplane, a front frame section, a rear framesection, detachable connections between said sections, whereby saidsections will separate from cach other to descend independently, a seatfor the aviator arranged adjacent the junction of the two sections, andmeans for snpporting the seat in normal position 'when the framesections are connected, but to move from said normal position tofacilitate the dislodgment of the aviator when the front and rearsections of the frame are separated and a parachute for use of theaviator to drop free in respect to both frame sections when the same areseparated, substantially described.

4. In combination in an aeroplane a front frame section, a rear framesection, means for detachably connecting the two sections to descendindependently, a seat for the aviato/r pivotally mounted on the rearframe section at the rear end of said seat, a snpport on the front framesection for the front end of said seat and a parachute for use of theaviator to descend independently of the two frame sections whenseparated, substantially as described.

5. In combination in an aeroplane, a front fra-me section, a rear framesection detachably connected with the front section, a weight arrangedto be dislodged when the machine assumes an abnormal position andconnections to the detachable connections between the frame sections tooperate the same to release the rear section from the front section,when the weight is displaced, substantially as described.

6. In combination in an aeroplane, a front frame section, a rear framesection, wings mounted on the rear frame section, means detachablyconnecting the front and the rear trame sections and means for shiftingthe wings of the rear frame section automatically when the framesections are detached from each other, said wings when shifted acting toretard the descent of the rear frame section and a parachute for thedescent of the operator arranged to drop free of the two frame sectionswhen detached, substantially as described.

7. In combination in an aeroplane front and rear frame sections,detachable connecting means between them at top and bottom thereof, amovable rod, means for operating said rod, a spring pressed membercontrolled for operation by the said rod and flexible connectionsextending from said spring pressed member to the detachable connectionsat the top and bottombt the aeroplane for detaching the rear frameseetion from the front frame section, substantially as described.

8. In combination in an aeroplane a front traine` section, a rear framesection, detachable connections between them, a movable member withmeans between the same and the detachable connections for operatingthem, a hand lever for operating the said movable member and a weightarranged to be dislodged when the aeroplane assumes an abnormalposition, the said movable member being operated as a result of thedislodgment of the weight, substantially as described.

9. In combination in an aeroplane a front frame section, a rear framesection, ieXible or spring members extending from one section, boltscontrolled by said IieXible members to detach the rear frame sectionfrom the front frame section when the said leXible members are renderedfree, means for holding the ieXible members under stress when said meansis in one position and connections for shifting said means to releasethe flexible members for detaching the frames from each other,substantially as described.

10. In combination in an aeroplane a front frame section, a rear framesection, means detachbly connecting said sections, spring means foroperating the detachable connections, sliding bolts for holding thespring means in a normal position and connections for operating thesliding bolts, whereby the spring means is allowed to eX- ert its forceto operate the detaehing means, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I aiix my signature.

HIPPOLYTE M. CHIRON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

